Sialolithiasis (salivary gland stones)

Throat | Otorhinolaryngology | Sialolithiasis (salivary gland stones) (Disease)


Description

The sialolithiasis or salivary gland lithiasis is characterized by the development of salivary gland stones or excretion routes. The infection of the salivary glands is usually secondary to obstruction or hyposecretion associated with salivary calculi.

The salivary calculi usually occur after hyposecretion of the salivary duct or blocking, but can also develop without apparent reason. The major salivary glands are the parotid, the submandibular gland and sublingual gland. The sialolithiasis is more common in the parotid gland and occurs in patients after 50-60 years. Adolescents and adults with anorexia are also subject to this condition.

Causes and Risk Factors

The main body responsible for the infection is Staphylococcus aureus. Other pathogens are streptococci, coliform bacteria and other anaerobic bacteria. The common cause is mumps. Patients infected with HIV often have swollen parotid next cysts.

Diagnosis and treatment

Although the disease is self-limited, it needs antibiotics and incision with drainage if an abscess is present. The atypical mycobacterial infection of the tonsils or teeth can spread through the contiguity of the major salivary glands.

Initial treatment consists of taking antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus. With the increasing prevalence of resistant Staphylococcus aureus, particularly in older patients who are admitted to health centers, vancomycin remains the last resort. ...