Gingivitis (inflammation of the gums)

Mouth | Odontologie | Gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) (Disease)


Description

Gingivitis is the name of a mild form of periodontal (gum) disease. The disease causes irritation, redness, and swelling (inflammation) of the gums due to plaque buildup along and under the gum line. Bacteria live and flourish in plaque, which sticks to the teeth and attracts more bacterial growth.

The symptoms of gingivitis are somewhat non-specific and manifest in the gum tissue as the classic signs of inflammation:

(1) Swollen gums

(2) Bright red or purple gums

(3) Gums that are tender or painful to the touch

(4) Bleeding gums or bleeding after brushing

Causes and Risk factors

Gingivitis develops due to several factors. Most commonly, people acquire gingivitis from poor oral hygiene resulting in a buildup of plaque along and under the gum line. Once the gums become covered in plaque, inflammation of the gum and the possibility of infection result. This may lead to a more severe form of gum disease known as periodontitis, which, left untreated, may destroy the tissues that support the teeth, including the gums, the periodontal ligaments, and the tooth sockets (alveolar bone).

Additionally, the stippling that normally exists on the gum tissue of some individuals will often disappear and the gums may appear shiny when the gum tissue becomes swollen and stretched over the inflamed underlying connective tissue. The accumulation may also emit an unpleasant odor. When the gingiva are swollen, the epithelial lining of the gingival crevice becomes ulcerated and the gums will bleed more easily with even gentle brushing, and especially when flossing.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Prompt treatment can usually reverse symptoms of gingivitis and prevent its progression to more serious gum disease and tooth loss. Effective treatment requires professional care followed by stepped up oral hygiene at home. Brushing teeth with products that contain Fluoride help to reduce bacteria build up in the mouth. These come in dentist recommended toothpaste and mouthwash rinsing fluids. It is advisable for the gingivitis patient to use tooth paste and mouthwash that contain clove oil, neem, babool, holy basil, chamomile, menthol, sage oil, and peppermint oil since they help to reduce bacteria and keep the mouth fresh. ...