Leukemia (cancer of blood cells)

Chest | Hematology | Leukemia (cancer of blood cells) (Disease)


Description

Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells. Leukemias are grouped by how quickly the disease develops (acute or chronic) as well as by the type of blood cell that is affected (lymphocytes or myelocytes). The four main types of leukemia include acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML).

Causes and Risk factors

While the exact cause(s) of leukemia is not known, risk factors have been identified. People with leukemia are at significantly increased risk for developing infections, anemia, and bleeding. Other symptoms and signs include easy bruising, weight loss, night sweats, and unexplained fevers.

There is no known way to prevent leukemia. The prognosis of leukemia depends upon several factors, including the patients age, the type of leukemia, and the extent to which the cancer has spread.

Diagnosis and Treatment

The diagnosis of leukemia is supported by findings of the medical history and examination, and examining blood and bone marrow samples under a microscope.

Treatment of leukemia depends on the type of leukemia, certain features of the leukemia cells, the extent of the disease, and prior history of treatment, as well as the age and health of the patient. Most patients with leukemia are treated with chemotherapy. Some patients also may have radiation therapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. ...