Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Abdomen | Obstetrics and Gynaecology | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (Disease)


Description

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (also called PMT or premenstrual tension) is a collection of physical and emotional symptoms related to a womans menstrual cycle. Medical definitions of PMS are limited to a consistent pattern of emotional and physical symptoms occurring only during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle that are severe enough to interfere with some aspects of life.

Causes and Risk factors

The exact cause of PMS is unknown, but it seems to be related to the fluctuating levels of hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, that occur in preparation for menstruation.

Diagnosis and Treatment

In particular, emotional symptoms must be present consistently to diagnose PMS. The specific emotional and physical symptoms attributable to PMS vary from woman to woman, but each individual womans pattern of symptoms is predictable, occurs consistently during the ten days prior to menses, and vanishes either shortly before or shortly after the start of menstrual flow.

PMS itself cannot be prevented, but through education and appropriate treatment of symptoms, most women can find relief. A healthy lifestyle - including exercise, adequate rest, and a proper diet - also can help a woman better manage the symptoms of PMS. Treatment begins with a thorough assessment of your symptoms, as well as their impact on the daily life.

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